March 16, 2019 Sermon

Tonight is the Eve of St. Patrick, which means that tomorrow is St. Patrick’s official feast day but, as many of you know, we are allowed to celebrate him the evening before.  Don’t ask me why I don’t write the rules.  Incidentally, as a bit of trivia, this is what a Christmas Eve service actually is.  It is the celebration of Christmas Day, the night before.  There really is no such thing as a Christmas Eve service only a Christmas Day service celebrated the evening before, if that makes sense.  But back to Patrick and the story of how he brought Christianity to Ireland so that we could one day drink green beer and temporarily pretend to be interested in leprechauns. 

As someone who has had to preach a lot of sermons on saints I have noticed something when researching their lives, especially when it is a saint from long ago. And the thing that I have noticed is that modern scholarship has taken all of the fun out of their stories and we are left with some very generic, boring biographies that usually read something like this;  [Insert saints name here] was born probably around the early/mid/late part of [insert century here], they probably traveled to [insert place here] and did some works of evangelism.  But all of the good stuff, like the story of St. Denis walking around carrying his decapitated head while preaching a sermon is removed. 

So the official version of Patrick these days is that he was born in the mid or late 5th century in England.  He was kidnapped by Irish Pirates when he was 16.  He was a slave in Ireland working as a shepherd before he escaped and returned to England.  Years later he went back as an evangelist and converted some people and set up some church infrastructure.  The official version has no mention of him explaining the trinity using the shamrock, which killjoy scholars now suggest is a possible 18th century invention.  We also hear nothing of him chasing all of the snakes into the sea after they attacked him during a forty-day fast.  I have sort of mixed feelings about these more pedestrian tales that we are now forced to read about the great saints.  Certainly I do believe we should focus on what is true.  However, I have to say that banishing legends makes for a somewhat dull existence.  Because there is something about these great stories that charge our imagination and make life more exciting and endearing.  I mean there is a reason that J.R.R. Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings trilogy has outsold Charles H. Wilber’s How to Grow World Record Tomatoes.  I am certain that the latter contains more true stories but come on.  And so as to the question of what do we focus on the legends or the true story as modern scholars see it.  Well I think I will be Anglican and split the difference focusing on a piece that has ties to both legend and things that the fun-police scholars say can be verified.  And that thing is that somehow Patrick convinced a large number of Irish Pagans to become Christian.  The shamrock may have been an invention but somehow Patrick explained the Christian faith to the Irish in not only a way that made sense but also in a way that made them want to convert. 

The Ireland that Patrick went to would have been tribal and violent.  And in both legend and modern scholarship we know that Patrick did his work without an army or any other forms of intimidation.  He would have had to rely on his own skill and of course his trust in God.  And in this I think there might be some lessons for us as we face the pagan hoards of modern day America, be they at Starbucks, the dog park or the drive thru at Arby’s and seek to turn them to Christianity. 

         The initial lesson we learn from Patrick and the starting point for his ministry is forgiveness.  Remember in his background he was kidnapped and enslaved in Ireland.  In our modern grievance Olympics I think kidnapped and enslaved would rank up there pretty high, maybe even getting you a gold.  Your parents probably would not even have to Pay $500,000 to get you into a decent school.  No one would have blamed Patrick for never setting foot in Ireland again, but not only did he return but he felt such love for them that he desired that they be brought into the Christian faith.  That action has much to teach us.  I would argue that truly transformational people are the ones who are able to forgive.  Nelson Mandela who was imprisoned for 27 years in South Africa stated, “When a deep injury is done to us, we never heal until we forgive.”  The fact of the matter is all of us have been slighted or treated badly at some point in our past.  Yes, some much worse than others, but whatever the wrong we humans are very good at weaponizing our grievances to get what we want.  But at some point Patrick forgave those people who had forcefully taken him from his homeland and made him to work without compensation.  Forgiveness is an incredibly powerful tool, but strangely we have been convinced that it is only in not forgiving that we have any power.  If you want a stupid illustration I have one for you.  Back when The Simpsons was funny there was an episode where Homer decided to try and steal a soda out of a vending machine by pushing his arm up through the slot.  His hand gets stuck and the paramedics have to be called in to help.  They conclude that there is nothing they can do except to amputate his arm.  As they are about to cut off his arm one of the paramedics asks, “Homer are you just holding onto the can?”  To which Homer responds, “Your point being.”  Holding onto grievance can be like this.  It may feel like we are accomplishing something but really all we are doing is living in a way that forces us to disfigure ourselves, to alter our minds and bodies so that we may live in a state of non forgiveness.  Without forgiveness Patrick would never have been known as the patron saint of Ireland. 

         The other thing I want to briefly discuss is the way in which Patrick evangelized.  We have some legends about what exactly happened, but everyone agrees that he converted a lot of people.  And so what was the secret to his success?  I think that a great clue comes in the opening sentence of his autobiography, known as Confessions.  It opens with him saying, “My name is Patrick. I am a sinner, a simple country person, and the least of all believers.” It echoes the line of another great evangelist St. Paul who stated in 1st Timothy, “The saying is sure and worthy of full acceptance, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners. And I am the foremost of sinners.”  And if you were cynical you could say that this was false humility, that they were saying this so that others would contradict them and tell them how truly wonderful they were, but I am not so sure (and I am a very cynical person).  The reason I find it to be genuine is because of the results.  The work of egomaniacs, while sometimes successful, is usually short lived.  Just look at the average lifespan of a cult or a wide receiver.  That which is founded on the worship of a human cannot last long because we ultimately disappoint.  But the one who is humble is able to get out of the way and allow people to see God – not our version of him, but the actual God of the universe. 

         St. Patrick in many ways is more of a brand name these days than an actual saint who lived and died in service of the Gospel.  That is too bad because I think he has a lot to teach us.  He lived in troubled times and did something about it.  Not through bombast and contempt but rather through love, compassion and humility.  The legends are of course awesome, but the real person was rather incredible too.  He planted the seeds of Christianity that still live in Ireland and with God’s help will continue until the day we see the new heaven and the new earth.   

March 10, 2019 Sermon

There was a bumper sticker that was popular a few years ago which read, “Celebrate Diversity.”  Upon seeing these stickers I often pondered what the driver of the vehicle was hoping that I should do.  Should I immediately pop open a bottle of champagne in impromptu celebration of diversity, raising a glass like Leonardo DiCaprio in on of those movies that he is in (I really can’t remember any of them and my therapist has advised it is best that it stays this way).  And as you may have guessed by now I am a bit cynical about such stickers not because I hate all diversity, but because I don’t see a whole lot of people living lives that actually do.

Statistics in this country bear out the fact that most people do not celebrate diversity when given the choice.  If you ever look at those blue and red election maps you will have noticed that over the past several years the coasts have become more uniformly left wing while the center of the country has become more uniformly right wing.  And the thing is everyone is guilty, not just politically but religiously as well.  For example in 2003 the Episcopal Church voted to allow Gene Robinson, an openly homosexual man, to serve as Bishop of New Hampshire.  In response to this five diocese and several individual congregations left the Episcopal Church to form what is known as ACNA or The Anglican Church of North America.  On the other side last week in the Methodist Church they voted that there could not be homosexual clergy or same-sex unions.  In a fairly typical response by some parts of that church, the Rev. Mark Fowler, pastor of First United Methodist Church in Madison stated, “There are parts of the church that are more progressive that are trying to find a way to form a new denomination if we are not allowed to practice ministry the way we feel is important to us.”  In one version the conservatives flee and in the other the progressives flee – not a whole lot of diversity celebrating in those cases, unless your definition of diversity is “people who agree with me.” 

But God is not pleased by fellow Christians despising one another.  If you don’t believe me, maybe you can believe St. Paul when he says today, “For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek; the same Lord is Lord of all and is generous to all who call on him. For, ‘Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord shall be saved.’"  I assume if you surveyed those who decided to flee the church be they Methodist or Episcopalian they would tell you that they did or are doing so in the name of God.  But if there is no distinction and all who call on God will be saved why do people who call themselves Christians feel that they can be only be the true church if there is distinction, distinction to the point of starting your own new church?  And just for full disclosure I must say that some of this very personal to me.  As most of you know I was sent to seminary by the Diocese of the San Joaquin in central California.  Six months before I was supposed to graduate, the diocese voted to leave the Episcopal Church, leaving me as a man without a diocese.  Incidentally at the time of this vote the diocese had around 9,000 members while today it has 3,981.  Now some of the missing 5,000 or so stayed with the Episcopal Church, some found another church but a number simply stopped going to church. 

         A number of years ago back in my finance days a Roman Catholic friend and I were trying to explain to a rather non-religious co-worker what the differences were between Episcopalians and Roman Catholics.  At some point she said, “If you guys can’t get along why would you expect me to join?”  I have a feeling the sentiment she expressed caused a number of people who lived through the schism to simply throw up their hands and say the same thing.  And so again if we believe as St. Paul says that there is no distinction why do we have so many?  And no the answer is not because the other side is wrong.  I do not have all the answers but let me offer something that I find useful in these divisive and contentious times. 

         There is an old joke that if you have two economists you will get three opinions.  And naturally the more opinions we have the more disjointed we become.  But it is simply the opinions that cause the disjointedness, but rather the importance that we give our own opinions.  We have given our opinions almost God like importance and that which does not agree must be ostracized.  Furthermore we tend to believe that there can be no room given to the possibility that we might be wrong.  If my worldview is that it is only those who live in accordance with my will can be saved then I am going to find myself living in smaller and smaller communities, because not even my dog obeys me all the time. 

So back to my small idea about how we can live in the world without distinction that St. Paul discusses and this idea comes down to humility.  It might be good to think now and then that maybe we could be wrong in the same way we think that the person with whom we disagree is wrong.  Just for a little evidence to support this; the human brain weighs around three pounds, which incidentally is also the average weight of a cantaloupe.  It would seem a little presumptuous for us to believe that this three-pound device for all of its wonder and power could be right about everything.  Sure we are right about some things but we may be wrong about others.  I have heard many stories about people converting to Christianity but the one I have never heard is of someone reporting that they didn’t believe until someone argued with and harangued them about the asininity of their beliefs.  People convert because they see something beautiful and wonderful.  They convert because they see grace filled lives.  Our present problems largely exist because we refuse to see the beauty and wonder in others because we are so fixated on their opinions. 

         The obvious criticism of what I am saying is that I am advocating a sort of go with the flow argument wherein we do not hold anything as sacred and that there are no lines we will not allow to be crossed.  But the thing is I am not saying that we should give up on believing anything, but rather that everything we believe does not have to be a cause for separation.  In the movie The Incredibles there is the line where a character states that if everyone is special then no one is.   I think we have reached a stage like that with our opinions.  If every one of our opinions is a cause for separation then none of our opinions are special or sacred.  And here is one further point.  If we truly follow Christ’s call to go and make disciples of all nations, how are we to make disciples if we refuse to be in the same room as other people?  If we truly believe our opinions are right and are necessary for salvation isn’t it our duty to help bring other people to our way of thinking?  And this will be done not through exiling but through loving them.  If we are truly united under Christ we cannot believe that others are not worthy of being in communion with.  If Christians are just one more bickering organization in a bickering world we do not have much to offer.  But fortunately that is not what God calls us to and what we have to offer is a truly diverse place that is united in its love for and submission to the Lordship of Jesus Christ.  Or as St. Paul says, “Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord shall be saved.”  In this season of Lent we need to call upon the Lord and grow more like him so that we may show forth the love and unity that is found only in Christ both this day and forevermore.  

March 9, 2019 Sermon

         Tonight is our initial Lenten Evening Prayer Service (or LEPS for short) and I should probably tell you a little about how I think it is going to work.  I had toyed with simply giving the same sermon as Sundays, but it seems that would miss something of the point.  Because if this is an extra thing for Lent…. well then it should be extra and not just a shorter, non-Eucharistic version of what happens tomorrow.  So my thought is that our readings, rather than being the same as those on Sunday, will be either the readings for the saint of the day or those from the daily office.  If this means nothing to you, don’t worry it will all be written down so you can just follow along.  And so now to the sermon. 

If you noticed at the top of your handout we are remembering a saint and that saint is Gregory of Nyssa.  I was hoping to say that this is very appropriate because of some deep connection between his work and Lenten Evening Prayer, but I could not find one, so I will simply say that it is appropriate that we remember Gregory of Nyssa on this inaugural Lenten Evening Prayer because he was awesome. 

         I assume that he is not all that familiar to most of you so let me give you a bit of biography.  He lived from roughly 330 through 395 in the area known as Cappadocia, which is in modern day Central Turkey.  His older brother was also rather famous and is known as St. Basil the Great.  The other person largely associated with Gregory and his brother Basil is St. Gregory of Nazianzus.  These three are collectively known as the Cappadocian Fathers and are much remembered for their contributions to the definition of the Trinity as found in the Nicene Creed.  Incidentally, as a bit of trivia St. Gregory of Nazianzus served as Patriarch of Constantinople.  His successor was a guy named Nectarius who was then succeeded by a guy named St. John Chrysostom (whom you have heard of), but back to Gregory of Nyssa.  As his name sort of indicates he served as Bishop of Nyssa.  He began his role as Bishop in 371 but was deposed by the Arians in 376 and exiled.  The Arians were a group who followed the teachings of an Egyptian guy named Arius.  Arius believed that Jesus was not the same as God but was created by God at a later time.  In practical terms this meant that Jesus was similar to God but not, as we say in the Nicene Creed, of one substance of the Father.  Not to go down too far of a rabbit trail but St. Nicholas (of Jolly Old St. Nicholas fame) is reported to have punched Arius in the face at the first council of Nicaea.  [I have sometimes pondered if after doing this St. Nicholas pointed to his biceps and said this one is Donner and this one is Blitzen…don’t get caught in the storm (its funnier if you know German), but back to Gregory.]  He would get his see back in 381.  Many biographers believe that it was only after the death of his brother Basil in 379 that Gregory would come into his own, having felt overshadowed by Basil.  Which seems entirely plausible, I mean if my brother was called Paul the Great, I might feel a little inadequate as well.  It also seems plausible because it was after Basil’s death that Gregory wrote most of the ideas for which he is remembered today.  And at this point I want to take a moment and reflect on two of those ideas.

         The first of these is just kind of something to think about and it has to do with Gregory’s view of God’s judgment.  I bring this up not because it is the traditional teaching of the Church, but because it is rather interesting.  Gregory believed that everyone would ultimately be saved.  His reasoning for this was not that God would decide to simply get rid of all of his standards and like Children’s T-Ball leagues give everyone a trophy just for showing up.  Rather he felt that across eternity the love of God would be so strong and so irresistible that everyone would ultimately have amendment of life and come into communion with God.  For a bad example it would kind of be like the Millennium Falcon being sucked into the tractor beam of the Death Star.  There was ultimately nothing it could do to resist.  Incidentally I always wondered who in marketing came up with the name Death Star?  I always thought they should have called it something like shady acres, thereby projecting a kinder and gentler Empire to the galaxy.  But anyway Gregory’s idea was that given enough time the entire universe would be reconciled to God.  There are some issues with this, most prominently the fact that it means that our free will ultimately collapses, but it does set us up for a nice transition into the second idea I want to look at from Gregory.   

In his book Life of Moses and elsewhere, Gregory developed something known as epektasis.  It was a doctrine he came up with which essentially posited that we will never end our journey towards God.  The basic argument is that if God is infinite goodness, then there will always be more of God’s goodness to discover.  As a result of this we will spend not just our time on this earth growing towards and becoming more like God, but we will spend eternity in this same way.  In other words we are never finished.  We are always moving closer to God.

This understanding can be very useful in the season of Lent, because Lent in many ways is about us moving closer to God.  However, the danger in this is if we come to see Lent as a sort of annual reset.  That is, to use numbers, we view being spiritually right as being something like a 6.  So if we arrive at Lent at a 4 we then spend the time getting ourselves up to a 6.  Then at the end of Lent we slowly begin to slide back to 4 and the next year we show up on Ash Wednesday ready to start the whole thing over again – rinse lather repeat.  Or if you want to get all Greek about it - it is like Sisyphus pushing the rock once again up the hill.  Gregory would say that this is not the case at all.  6 is not the place we stop or the place to which we aspire, but is rather a marker on the way to infinity.  If God is infinite, being at a 6 is not the place we need to aim for as a permanent destination.  So ideally, we should have arrived at Lent this year better than we arrived at it last year, whatever number that may be.

And if you do not feel this way, do not fret, because in Gregory’s understanding salvation is not about getting enough points but is rather about a direction.  That is are we journeying towards God or away from God?  To go back to my silly numbers explanation it is better to be at a 2 journeying towards a 3 than at 35 on our way back to 34.  Lent in one sense serves as a reminder to keep on our journey towards God.  And if it has gone off the rails, that is okay.  It is not about where we were but rather about where we are going.  So in the beginning of this season I would encourage all of us to keep our eyes firmly on God growing into his image not only today or during this season, but for evermore.